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N_QUERY Module N_RANDOM Module N_SHA256 Module N_STR Module N_TIFF Module N_TIME Module N_USER Module N_X509 Module N_ZIP Module PARTICLES Module PCRE Module PHYSICS Module SIGNALS Module STACK Module THREADS Module TRAJECTORY Module TREE Module ZLIB Modules Pages Struct A4_BMP Struct A4_TIMER Struct AABB3D Struct ANIM_DATA Struct ANIM_FRAME Struct ANIM_GFX Struct ANIM_LIB Struct ASTAR_BOX Struct ASTAR_CELL Struct ASTAR_GRID Struct ASTAR_HEAP Struct ASTAR_HEAP_NODE Struct ASTAR_NODE Struct ASTAR_PATH Struct AVRO_FIELD Struct AVRO_READER Struct AVRO_SCHEMA Struct BITMAP Struct CALLBACK_DATA Struct CA_CTX Struct CLIENT_JOB Struct CLIENT_STATE Struct CONFIG_FILE Struct CONFIG_FILE_SECTION Struct CYPHER_PARAM Struct DATA Struct DEMO_PANEL Struct DICTIONARY_DEFINITION Struct DICTIONARY_ENTRY Struct DIFF_OUT Struct DIFF_TEXT Struct DRAW_STATE Struct DR_ENTITY Struct DR_STATE Struct DR_VEC3 Struct ExceptionContextList Struct FONT Struct GAME_ENV Struct H2BUF Struct H2_DYN_ENTRY Struct H2_STREAM Struct HASH_NODE Struct HASH_TABLE Struct ISO_DRAW_ENTRY Struct ISO_MAP Struct ISO_PROJECTION Struct ISO_TILE_SEGMENT Struct ISO_TILE_SEGMENTS Struct ISO_VISIBLE_EDGES Struct JS_STATE Struct LEX_ITEM Struct LIST Struct LIST_NODE Struct LOG_LEVELS Struct LexMenu Struct MEMBER Struct MIDI Struct NESTED Struct NETWORK Struct NETWORK_HTTP_INFO Struct NETWORK_POOL Struct NETWORK_SSL_THREAD_PARAMS Struct NETW_ACCEPT_POOL Struct NETW_ACCEPT_POOL_STATS Struct NETW_MSG Struct NETW_SNI_ARG Struct NODE_DATA Struct N_ATLAS Struct N_ATLAS_PAGE Struct N_CLOCK_SYNC Struct N_COOKIE Struct N_COOKIE_JAR Struct N_DIFF_LINE Struct N_DIFF_RESULT Struct N_DISK_CACHE Struct N_ENTROPY_BIT Struct N_ENTROPY_POS Struct N_FILE_INFO Struct N_FLUID Struct N_FLUID_THREAD_PARAMS Struct N_FORM_FIELD Struct N_GIT_COMMIT_INFO Struct N_GIT_REMOTE_AUTH Struct N_GIT_REPO Struct N_GIT_STATUS_ENTRY Struct N_GUI_BUTTON_DATA Struct N_GUI_CHECKBOX_DATA Struct N_GUI_COLOR_PICKER Struct N_GUI_COMBOBOX_DATA Struct N_GUI_CTX Struct N_GUI_CUSTOM_DATA Struct N_GUI_DATAGRID_COL Struct N_GUI_DATAGRID_DATA Struct N_GUI_DROPMENU_DATA Struct N_GUI_DROPMENU_ENTRY Struct N_GUI_GRID_CALLBACKS Struct N_GUI_HEXVIEW_DATA Struct N_GUI_IMAGE_DATA Struct N_GUI_KVTABLE Struct N_GUI_KV_CONTENT Struct N_GUI_KV_ROW Struct N_GUI_LABEL_DATA Struct N_GUI_LISTBOX_DATA Struct N_GUI_LISTITEM Struct N_GUI_MARKDOWNVIEW_DATA Struct N_GUI_MD_FONTS Struct N_GUI_MD_STYLE Struct N_GUI_MEAS_ENTRY Struct N_GUI_MOUSE_EVENT Struct N_GUI_PENDING_GEOM Struct N_GUI_PENDING_WIDGET Struct N_GUI_POPUP Struct N_GUI_PROGRESSBAR_DATA Struct N_GUI_RADIOLIST_DATA Struct N_GUI_SB_TRACK Struct N_GUI_SCROLLBAR_DATA Struct N_GUI_SECTION Struct N_GUI_SECTIONLIST Struct N_GUI_SLIDER_DATA Struct N_GUI_SPLITPANE_DATA Struct N_GUI_STYLE Struct N_GUI_SUGGEST_SINK Struct N_GUI_SYNTAXVIEW_DATA Struct N_GUI_TAB_PANEL Struct N_GUI_TB_BUTTONS Struct N_GUI_TEXTAREA_DATA Struct N_GUI_TEXT_DIMS Struct N_GUI_THEME Struct N_GUI_TREE Struct N_GUI_TREE_NODE Struct N_GUI_TREE_STATE Struct N_GUI_WIDGET Struct N_GUI_WINDOW Struct N_H2_FRAME Struct N_H2_HEADER Struct N_H2_HPACK Struct N_H2_REQUEST Struct N_H2_SERVER Struct N_H2_SETTING Struct N_HTML_ATTR_ Struct N_HTML_FORM Struct N_HTML_TAG_ Struct N_HTTP3_RESPONSE Struct N_HTTP_FIELD Struct N_HTTP_FORM Struct N_HTTP_FORM_MULTIPART Struct N_HTTP_FORM_PART Struct N_HTTP_MULTIPART_PART Struct N_HTTP_REQUEST Struct N_HTTP_RESP Struct N_HTTP_RESPONSE Struct N_HTTP_SERVER Struct N_HTTP_SERVER_CONFIG Struct N_HTTP_SERVER_REQUEST Struct N_HTTP_SERVER_STATS Struct N_HTTP_SET_COOKIE Struct N_HTTP_STREAM Struct N_ISO_CAMERA Struct N_ISO_OBJECT Struct N_KAFKA Struct N_KAFKA_EVENT Struct N_MOCK_SERVER Struct N_MODULE Struct N_PARALLEL_SLICE Struct N_PARALLEL_TEAM Struct N_PARALLEL_WORKER Struct N_PCRE Struct N_PROXY_CFG Struct N_PTH Struct N_PTH_TENSOR Struct N_QUERY Struct N_ROUTE Struct N_ROUTER Struct N_ROUTE_MATCH Struct N_SHA256 Struct N_SOCKET Struct N_SPAWN_PIPE Struct N_SSE_CONN Struct N_SSE_EVENT Struct N_STR Struct N_TIFF Struct N_TIFF_ENTRY Struct N_TIME Struct N_URL Struct N_URL_PARAM Struct N_USER Struct N_USERLIST Struct N_WS_CONN Struct N_WS_FRAME Struct N_WS_MESSAGE Struct N_ZIP_MEMBER Struct OCTREE Struct OCTREE_NODE Struct PARSER Struct PARTICLE Struct PARTICLE_EMITTER Struct PARTICLE_SYSTEM Struct PEER Struct PHYSICS Struct PK_OBJ Struct PK_VM Struct POINT2D Struct POINT3D Struct PRETTY_OUT Struct QNODE Struct QUADTREE Struct QUADTREE_NODE Struct REC Struct RGB Struct SAMPLE Struct SEEN Struct SHARER Struct SRV Struct SRV_ARG Struct STACK Struct STACK_ITEM Struct SYNTAX_RUN Struct THREAD_POOL Struct THREAD_POOL_NODE Struct THREAD_WAITING_PROC Struct TRAJECTORY Struct TRAJECTORY_POINT Struct TREE Struct TREE_NODE Struct TS_LOG Struct WAYPOINT3D Struct WORKER_ARG Struct ZIP_SINK Struct _N_DC_ENTRY Struct _N_DC_GROUP_ENTRY Struct _N_GUI_COLORWHEEL Struct _N_GUI_COLORWHEEL_BLOCK Struct _N_GUI_COLORWHEEL_MOUSE Struct _N_GUI_CURVE Struct _N_GUI_CURVE_BLOCK Struct _N_GUI_CURVE_MOUSE Struct _N_GUI_GRID Struct _N_GUI_POPUP_ENTRY Struct _N_GUI_POPUP_LEVEL Struct _N_GUI_SB_SKIN Struct _N_GUI_TA_STEP Struct _N_GUI_THUMB Struct _N_GUI_WRAP_ACC Struct _compiled Struct _conn Struct _ip_slot Struct _mp_param Struct _n_civil Struct _seg Struct client Struct collector Struct date_vector Struct md_atom Struct md_cells Struct md_hit Struct md_line_ctx Struct mline Struct n_http_req_header Struct n_http_req_limits Struct n_http_request Struct n_markdown_block Struct n_markdown_doc Struct n_markdown_inline Struct n_markdown_span Struct n_reactor_stats Struct n_url_safe Struct n_url_safe_head Struct n_wrap_item Struct producer_state Struct rects Struct reply Struct runner Struct sink Struct tbuf Struct wrap_hit Struct wrap_span Structures Union COORD_VALUE Union HASH_DATA Union NODE_DATA_TYPES Union STACK_DATA dir_310dcdd4703e877a6b99d5dc3fc54d27 dir_68267d1309a1af8e8297ef4c3efbcdba dir_d28a4824dc47e487b107a5db32ef43c4 dir_d44c64559bbebec7f509842c48db8b23 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ex_gui_dropmenu_8c example ex_gui_frameless_drag_8c example ex_gui_global_scroll_8c example ex_gui_glyph_8c example ex_gui_grid_8c example ex_gui_hexview_8c example ex_gui_hover_8c example ex_gui_isometric_8c example ex_gui_kvtable_8c example ex_gui_label_fits_8c example ex_gui_label_lines_8c example ex_gui_layout_persist_8c example ex_gui_listbox_8c example ex_gui_md_8c example ex_gui_multiwin_8c example ex_gui_network_8c example ex_gui_particles_8c example ex_gui_placeholder_8c example ex_gui_popup_8c example ex_gui_progressbar_8c example ex_gui_reentrant_8c example ex_gui_round_8c example ex_gui_sectionlist_8c example ex_gui_slider_default_8c example ex_gui_slider_handle_8c example ex_gui_slider_step_8c example ex_gui_splitpane_8c example ex_gui_suggest_8c example ex_gui_syntaxview_8c example ex_gui_text_shorten_8c example ex_gui_textarea_selection_8c example ex_gui_tooltip_8c example ex_gui_tree_lazy_8c example ex_gui_tree_order_8c example ex_gui_tree_state_8c example ex_gui_window_rect_8c example ex_gui_zorder_8c example ex_hash_8c example ex_hex_8c example ex_html_8c example ex_http2_8c example ex_http2_server_8c example ex_http_cookie_8c example ex_http_form_8c example ex_http_mime_8c example ex_http_req_8c example ex_http_response_8c example ex_http_router_8c example ex_http_server_8c example ex_icc_8c example ex_iso_astar_8c example ex_json_8c example ex_kafka_8c example ex_linalg_8c example ex_list_8c example ex_log_8c example ex_markdown_8c example ex_module_8c example ex_monolith_8c example ex_network_8c example ex_network_8h example ex_network_accept_8c example ex_network_alpn_8c example ex_network_connect_abort_8c example ex_network_mock_8c example ex_network_proxy_8c example ex_network_reactor_8c example ex_network_sni_8c example ex_network_sse_8c example ex_network_ssl_8c example ex_network_ssl_hardened_8c example ex_network_ssl_hostname_8c example ex_network_ssl_nonblock_8c example ex_network_tls_defaults_8c example ex_network_ws_8c example ex_network_ws_limits_8c example ex_nstr_8c example ex_parallel_for_8c example ex_parallel_team_8c example ex_pcre_8c example ex_pretty_8c example ex_pth_8c example ex_query_8c example ex_random_8c example ex_sha256_8c example ex_signals_8c example ex_spawn_8c example ex_ssrf_8c example ex_stack_8c example ex_threads_8c example ex_tiff_8c example ex_time_formats_8c example ex_trajectory_8c example ex_trees_8c example ex_url_8c example ex_url_safe_8c example ex_wrap_8c example ex_x509_8c example ex_zip_8c example ex_zlib_8c example mainpage_8dox n__3d_8c n__3d_8h n__aabb_8c n__aabb_8h n__allegro5_8c n__allegro5_8h n__allegro__4_8c n__allegro__4_8h n__anim_8c n__anim_8h n__astar_8c n__astar_8h n__atlas_8c n__atlas_8h n__avro_8c n__avro_8h n__base64_8c n__base64_8h n__clipboard_8c n__clipboard_8h n__clock__sync_8c n__clock__sync_8h n__common_8c n__common_8h n__config__file_8c n__config__file_8h n__cookies_8c n__cookies_8h n__crypto_8c n__crypto_8h n__dead__reckoning_8c 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6 n__url__safe_8h
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include/nilorea/n_url_safe.h

Hardened, bounded URL + HTTP/1.x response-head parsing for a safe fetcher. More...

Structures

Name
struct n_url_safe_head
The response-head fields a fetcher acts on.
struct n_url_safe
The parts of an absolute http(s) URL.

Functions

Name
int n_url_safe_resolve(const char * base, size_t base_len, const char * loc, size_t loc_len, char * out, size_t cap)
resolve a redirect Location against a request URL
int n_url_safe_parse(const char * url, size_t len, n_url_safe * out)
parse an absolute http(s) URL [url, url+len) into a bounded struct
int n_url_safe_head_parse(const char * buf, size_t len, n_url_safe_head * out)
parse an HTTP/1.x response head from [buf, buf+len)
int n_url_safe_find(const char * text, size_t len, char * out, size_t cap)
find the first http(s) URL in a block of text

Defines

Name
N_URL_SAFE_MIME_MAX
Longest captured Content-Type (mime), parameters dropped.
N_URL_SAFE_MAX
Longest URL / path / Location accepted.
N_URL_SAFE_HOST_MAX
Longest hostname / IP literal accepted (RFC 1035 limit).
N_URL_SAFE_HEAD_MAX
Largest response head (status line + headers, through CRLFCRLF) accepted.

Detailed Description

Hardened, bounded URL + HTTP/1.x response-head parsing for a safe fetcher.

Author: Castagnier Mickael

Version: 1.0

A deliberately narrow, non-allocating companion to the general n_url API (n_network.h) – for the kind of program that fetches an ATTACKER-SUPPLIED http(s) URL (link previews, webhooks, avatar imports, ...). Where n_url_parse is a full, allocating URL model (query params, canonicalize, build), these fill a caller-owned stack struct, reject SSRF / phishing vectors (userinfo, non-http(s) scheme, bad host/port), and cap every field – so a hostile URL or server response can neither over-read nor allocate. Pair with n_ssrf to classify the resolved address, and drive the sockets/TLS in the caller.

Provides: split an absolute URL into parts, parse the response head (status + the few headers a fetcher acts on), resolve a redirect Location, and find the first URL in a block of text.

Functions Documentation

function n_url_safe_resolve

int n_url_safe_resolve(
    const char * base,
    size_t base_len,
    const char * loc,
    size_t loc_len,
    char * out,
    size_t cap
)

resolve a redirect Location against a request URL

Parameters:

  • base the request URL
  • base_len its length
  • loc the Location value
  • loc_len its length
  • out output buffer for the absolute URL
  • cap capacity of out (including the NUL)

Return: 1 on success, 0 otherwise

Handles an absolute http(s) target, a scheme-relative "//host/..." and a root-relative "/path"; a bare relative path is refused (returns 0). The result is re-validated with n_url_safe_parse.

function n_url_safe_parse

int n_url_safe_parse(
    const char * url,
    size_t len,
    n_url_safe * out
)

parse an absolute http(s) URL [url, url+len) into a bounded struct

Parameters:

  • url the URL bytes
  • len number of bytes in url
  • out the parsed URL to fill

Return: 1 on success, 0 otherwise

Rejects a non-http(s) scheme, userinfo ("user@host" – an SSRF / phishing vector), an empty or over-long host, a bad port, control bytes, and anything longer than the caps. IPv6 literals in brackets are accepted (brackets stripped into host).

function n_url_safe_head_parse

int n_url_safe_head_parse(
    const char * buf,
    size_t len,
    n_url_safe_head * out
)

parse an HTTP/1.x response head from [buf, buf+len)

Parameters:

  • buf the received bytes
  • len number of bytes in buf
  • out the parsed head to fill

Return: 1 on success, 0 otherwise

Returns 1 only when a complete head (through CRLFCRLF) is present and the status line is well-formed; 0 if incomplete, malformed, or larger than N_URL_SAFE_HEAD_MAX. On success out->head_len is the offset of the body. Header names are matched case-insensitively; unknown headers are ignored. Bounded and over-read safe.

function n_url_safe_find

int n_url_safe_find(
    const char * text,
    size_t len,
    char * out,
    size_t cap
)

find the first http(s) URL in a block of text

Parameters:

  • text the text to scan
  • len its length
  • out output buffer for the found URL
  • cap capacity of out (including the NUL)

Return: 1 if a URL was found, 0 otherwise

Writes it to out (cap includes the NUL). Trailing sentence punctuation is trimmed. The candidate must pass n_url_safe_parse (so a userinfo / malformed URL is skipped, and scanning continues), which makes this a safe trigger: it never surfaces a URL n_url_safe_parse would reject.

Macros Documentation

define N_URL_SAFE_MIME_MAX

#define N_URL_SAFE_MIME_MAX 127u

Longest captured Content-Type (mime), parameters dropped.

define N_URL_SAFE_MAX

#define N_URL_SAFE_MAX 1024u

Longest URL / path / Location accepted.

define N_URL_SAFE_HOST_MAX

#define N_URL_SAFE_HOST_MAX 253u

Longest hostname / IP literal accepted (RFC 1035 limit).

define N_URL_SAFE_HEAD_MAX

#define N_URL_SAFE_HEAD_MAX 16384u

Largest response head (status line + headers, through CRLFCRLF) accepted.

Source code

/*
 * Nilorea Library
 * Copyright (C) 2005-2026 Castagnier Mickael
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
 * implied. See the License for the specific language governing
 * permissions and limitations under the License.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 */


#ifndef N_URL_SAFE_H
#define N_URL_SAFE_H

#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>

#define N_URL_SAFE_HOST_MAX 253u
#define N_URL_SAFE_MAX 1024u
#define N_URL_SAFE_MIME_MAX 127u
#define N_URL_SAFE_HEAD_MAX 16384u

typedef struct {
    int https; 
    uint16_t port;
    char host[N_URL_SAFE_HOST_MAX + 1];
    char path[N_URL_SAFE_MAX + 1];
} n_url_safe;

typedef struct {
    int status;                                 
    long long content_length;                   
    int chunked;                                
    size_t head_len;                            
    char location[N_URL_SAFE_MAX + 1];          
    char content_type[N_URL_SAFE_MIME_MAX + 1]; 
} n_url_safe_head;

int n_url_safe_parse(const char* url, size_t len, n_url_safe* out);

int n_url_safe_head_parse(const char* buf, size_t len, n_url_safe_head* out);

int n_url_safe_resolve(const char* base, size_t base_len, const char* loc, size_t loc_len, char* out, size_t cap);

int n_url_safe_find(const char* text, size_t len, char* out, size_t cap);

#endif /* N_URL_SAFE_H */

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